Common Pest types

This common pest once associated with unhygienic surroundings, is prevalent due to a number of reasons, including increased travel, the use of second hand furniture, and suspected tolerance to some pesticides. These bugs still occur with regularity, particularly in multi-occupancy buildings with rapid resident turnover, for example, hostels, hotels, holiday camps and blocks of flats.
While their bites may cause red, irritating marks or lumps, not everyone reacts the  same way.
Some individuals experience more severe skin reactions and disrupted sleep. Although  bed bugs are not known to spread diseases, their presence can lead to irritation, distress, and  damage to an organization's reputation.

Social insects which may live in communities of many millions of individuals. In tropical and subtropical countries are major pests of timber buildings. Termites are often called the “silent destroyer” because they may be secretly hiding and thriving in your home or yard without any immediate signs of damage.
All termites consume cellulose-based plant materials. Unfortunately, all homes, regardless of their construction type, can provide cellulose food for termite infestation.
However, certain people can experience allergic reactions or even asthma attacks in homes where termites reside. Some people are sensitive or allergic to termite saliva and droppings.

The common housefly is a dull gray fly, ¼-inch long with four dark stripes on the middle section (thorax) of its body. House flies typically lay eggs on animal feces and garbage.
White, legless maggots (the larval stage) hatch from the eggs and grow to about ½ inch. Adult house flies have reddish eyes, sponging mouthparts, are 3–8 mm in length and can be recognized by the presence of four dark stripes on the dorsum of the thorax and the pronounced upward bend in the fourth longitudinal wing vein. 
House flies can spread diseases such as food poisoning and dysentery.

A family of very small flies (about 3mm), some with prominent red eyes, characterized by a slow hovering flight in which the abdomen hangs down.
All are associated with rotting fruit and vegetables or fermenting liquids. One species breeds in sour milk, for example, in the residue of forgotten milk bottles.
They can quickly become a nuisance for households, restaurants, cafeterias, orchards and other  places where you find exposed fruits and vegetables.

Adult drain flies are small (1⁄6 to 1⁄5 inch long), fuzzy, dark colored insects with the body and wings.  densely covered with hairs .
Their wings appear large for their body, are held roof-like over the body when at rest, giving them a moth-like appearance. They are weak fliers and fly only a few  feet at a time. Drain flies, or moth flies, are small, dark winged, non-biting gnats.
Their wings are covered with scales so they disappear in a cloud of fine dust when swatted or mashed.
These nuisance gnats can be found resting on walls or ceilings, and make short hopping flights if disturbed.
They can also spread bacteria from trash, decaying vegetables and fruits. Drain flies breed in areas that are moist and have a lot of organic remains, including: Sinks.

Carpenter Ants are about a half-inch (1.2 centimeters) long and completely black with yellowish hairs on the abdomen. Depending on where black carpenter ants nest during the year determines whether they are seen as an interesting insect or a costly pest.
Carpenter ants naturally nest in dead logs and wood in forests. They build nests, because they excavate wood and form smooth  tunnels inside of the wood. They do not eat wood, they only tunnel and chew through it to create nests.
Carpenter ants are not harmful to humans and pets as they usually don't bite.
In rare cases, the a bite may result in a burning sensation that resides for a few minutes. Carpenter ants can be dangerous to your home structure.

In general, German cockroaches are monomorphic with a flattened, oval shape, spiny legs, and long antennae. They are sexually dimorphic.
Males have a thin and slender body, tapered posterior abdomen, visible terminal segments of the abdomen, and do not have tegmina  (leathery outer wings). German cockroaches’ range in size from ½ inch to 5/8 of an inch long.
They  are light brown to tan in color and often distinguished by two dark stripes down their back.
In addition, cockroaches can trigger allergies and asthma attacks in some people, especially children. Disease-producing organisms such as bacteria, protozoans, and viruses have been found on cockroach bodies. Different forms of gastroenteritis (food poisoning, dysentery, diarrhea, and other illnesses) appear to be the principal diseases transmitted by German cockroaches.

Adult American cockroaches average between 1.4” to 1.6” (35-41mm) in length, but they can grow to exceed 2”.
Both males and females have wings and can fly short distances. Each one has the telltale oval-shaped body, which is common to all cockroaches. The bodies appear flattened and range between ¾ inch and 3 inches in length. Most are  reddish-brown but will look whitish for a short period of time just after molting. Cockroaches are considered to be dangerous as an allergen source and asthma trigger. They may also carry certain bacteria that can cause illnesses if left on food. Cockroaches are “unhygienic scavengers in human settlements.”

House mice are small, slender rodents with a slightly pointed nose; small, black, somewhat protruding eyes; large, sparsely haired ears; and a nearly hairless tail with obvious scale rings.
House mice are gray brown with a gray or buff-colored belly.
The thinly furred tail appears hairless; it may be about as long as the head and body, or it can be much shorter.
Their feces and saliva can spread bacteria, contaminate food sources, and give you allergic reactions.
Their dry fecal matter can be harmful if breathed in. Some of the diseases that house mice spread include Hantavirus.
Some mice and rats can carry harmful. diseases, such as HPS, Leptospirosis, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, plague, and typhus.
The best way to protect you and your family from these diseases is to keep mice and rats out of your home.
Always use containers with tight lids. Clean up spilled food right away.

Rats have a well developed senses; of smell, taste and touch. They have an acute sense of hearing, frequently using ultrasound to communicate, and are particularly sensitive to any sudden noise.
Rats need to gnaw to keep their constantly growing incisor teeth worn down.  Rats can inflict a great amount of structural damage.
They can cause serious fires by  gnawing away the insulation around electrical cables, floods by puncturing pipes and even death by chewing through gas pipes.
The insurance sector have estimated that rodent damage to wiring is responsible for 25% of all electrical fires in buildings.